Particular attention has been paid in NSC “Institute of Metrology” to the development of thermometry, in particular, non-contact, and thermophysics, beginning almost from the middle of the 20-th century. The scientific and practical experience gained in the institute nowadays also facilitates to successful solution of tasks of provision of the measurements traceability in this field.
State primary standards of Ukraine in the field of thermometry realize the temperature scale within the range from 13.8 К to 2800 К according to the Provision MTSh-90.
The Measurement Standards base of NSC “Institute of Metrology” in the field of thermometry is the set of several standards grouped on ranges and scopes of application (contact and non-contact thermometry), and also taking into consideration the peculiarities of their technical realization.
The State primary standards in the field of contact thermometry cover the ranges from 13.80 К to 273.16 K (DЕТU 06-06-98) and from 273.16 К to 1357.77 К (DЕТU 06-05-98). The standards include facilities realizing the temperatures of fixed points of high-accuracy matters:
- triple points of hydrogen, neon, oxygen, argon, mercury, water;
- melting point of gallium;
- freezing points of indium, stannum, zinc, aluminum, silver, copper.
The temperature scale in the temperature range lower than 961.78 °С is built up with the help of platinum resistance temperature detector and corresponding methods of interpolation in accordance with MTSh-90. The level of equivalency of the standard of temperature units DETU 06-05-98 in the range from 273.16 К to 692.677 К was set basing on the carried out comparisons СООМЕТ.Т-КЗ, СООМЕТ.Т-К3.1, СООМЕТ.Т-К7.
The State primary standards in the field of non-contact thermometry (DETU 06-07-04, DETU 06-03-96) cover the range from 692,67 К to 2800 К.
The temperature scale higher than 961.78 °С is built up by optic methods basing on the Planck’s law of radiation
The level of equivalency of the standard of temperature unit
DETU 06-03-96 in the fixed point of copper was set basing on the carried out comparisons СООМЕТ.Т-K5.
Transferring of the temperature scale in the field of non-contact thermometry is carried out with the help of standards DETU 06-07-04, VETU 06-03-02-98, VETU 06-03-03-98. These standards include:
- radiators “black body” with fixed points of zinc, aluminum and silver;
- radiators “black body” of changeable temperature in the range from 240 К to 2300 К;
- radiators “black body” and test-objects for calibration of infrared image converters;
- standard pyrometers-comparators (0.660 μm; 1.0 μm; 3.9 μm; 8.0 – 14.0 μm);
- standard tungsten ribbon temperature lamps.
In the field of thermophysical measurements there function the primary standards in the area of measurements of the combustion energy (DETU 06-04-97) and specific heat of solids (DETU 06-02-96)